Ubuntu useful application list

vlc
Lutris
playonlinux
emacs
MKVToolNix GUI
Aegisub
Spotify
git gitk
vim gvim
Audacity
meld
Open Broadcaster Software

Ubuntu KVM Installation

 On Ubuntu 20.04

• Learn From

Steps

# check if cpu virtualizable, if you machine report a number greater than 0, then you can use kvm
$ egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo

# check if VT is enabled, you can go to bios to enable it
$ sudo apt-get install cpu-checker
$ kvm-ok

# install things you needed
$ sudo apt-get install qemu-kvm libvirt-clients libvirt-daemon-system bridge-utils virt-manager

# check if the daemon is running
$ sudo systemctl is-active libvirtd

# check for user group
$ id <userName>

# add user to group
$ sudo adduser <userName> libvirt
$ sudo adduser <userName> kvm

# copy and paste, mouse lag setup
# install spice-space on client OS
https://www.spice-space.org/download.html

 Use

$ sudo virt-manager

 On Ubuntu 18.04

• Install KVM instead of VMWare, Learn From

Steps

# check if virtualization support, 0 is not support
$ egrep -c ‘(svm|vmx)’ /proc/cpuinfo
$ sudo apt-get install qemu-kvm libvirt-bin bridge-utils virt-manager
$ sudo addgroup libvirtd
$ sudo adduser YourUserName libvirtd

# log out and log in
$ virsh -c qemu:///system list
# If you see an empty list, then it works

Install guest OS

• Then follow the steps on the GUI

Reference

https://getlabsdone.com/install-windows-10-on-ubuntu-kvm/

https://getlabsdone.com/how-to-install-windows-11-on-kvm/

Docker cheat sheet

Install

• Using ubuntu 18.04, Learn From

Steps

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
$ sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install docker-ce
$ sudo systemctl status docker
$ docker -v

Cheat sheet

# list all image
$ sudo docker image ls
# list all container
$ sudo docker ps -a
$ sudo docker container ls --all
# remove image
$ sudo docker rmi IMAGE
# remove container
$ sudo docker rm CONTAINER
# remove all container
$ sudo docker rm $(sudo docker ps -a -q)
# Go into running container
$ sudo docker exec -it <mycontainer> bash
# build image from Dockerfile
$ cd Target-folder
$ ls
Dockerfile
$ sudo docker build --tag=Name:tag .
# Stop container
$ sudo docker stop -t 1 <mycontainer>
# add xserver for docker
$ xhost +local:docker
# run an image
$ sudo docker run -v /host/directory:/container/directory -it Name:tag
$ sudo docker run --net=host --env="DISPLAY" --volume="$HOME/.Xauthority:/root/.Xauthority:rw" -v /host/directory:/container/directory -it Name:tag
# copy file/folder from/to container
$ sudo docker cp foo.txt mycontainer:/foo.txt
$ sudo docker cp mycontainer:/foo.txt foo.txt

Windows multiple remote desktop sessions

Aim

• I want to have multiple RDP clients connecting to the windows host
• Learn From

Steps

ubuntu 18.04 remote desktop client to windows

Aim

• I want to connect to windows through Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) from ubuntu 18.04
• Learn From

Steps

• Select the application

• To activate share folder, you may need to follow those two red boxes.
• Then you can connect to your Windows Host

Draw on your screen on Ubuntu 18.04

$ sudo apt-get install tweak

$ sudo apt-get install gnome-shell-extensions

$ sudo apt-get install gnome-shell-extension-draw-on-your-screen

 restart - DONE 

 

Go to install the gnome shell extension, Link

Install latest R on ubuntu 18.04

Ubuntu 18.04

$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys E298A3A825C0D65DFD57CBB651716619E084DAB9
$ sudo add-apt-repository 'deb https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/'
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install r-base
$ R --version

Ubuntu 19.04

$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys E298A3A825C0D65DFD57CBB651716619E084DAB9
$ sudo add-apt-repository 'deb https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu disco-cran35/'
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install r-base
$ R --version

Learn from

Link
offical page

Fix ubuntu read only disk problem

Problem

When ubuntu 18.04 mount an NTFS disk, that is read only. We can do

sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdb1

sdb1 can be sda1, 2, 3 ......

After that, we can mount the disk again.
Learn from here

Setup SSH reverse tunnel

Aim

We have PC A, PC B.

PC A is behind Proxy and we cannot change any setting about the network, PC B is behind NAT.

We want to use ssh to connect from B to A, so we need to make a reverse tunnel from A to B.

Assume you have setup the openssh server on PC B.

On PC A

$ ssh -R12345:localhost:22 <PC B userName>@<PC B ip> -p <PC B ssh server port> -i <PC B user private key>

• The above command will connect remote port 12345 to local port 22
• If you can connect to PC B, then

On PC B

$ ssh <PC B userName>@localhost -p 12345 -X

• We now connected to PC A from B with x11 supported

Local port binding

ssh -Llocalhost:8888:[target IP]:[target port] -i [private key] [target user name]@[target IP]

Openssh server setup for public key login only

Aim

OS: ubuntu 18.04 64 bit

We want to have a ssh server that only accept login through rsa public key.

Installation

$ sudo apt-get install openssh-client openssh-server openssl

Server setting

$ sudo sed -i 's/^PasswordAuthentication yes/PasswordAuthentication no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config

$ sudo sed -i 's/^PubkeyAuthentication no/PubkeyAuthentication yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config

$ sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
------------------------------------
PubkeyAuthentication yes
PasswordAuthentication no
------------------------------------
$ sudo systemctl restart sshd.service 

Generate rsa key pairs

$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "testing@gmail.com"
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/sulfred/.ssh/id_rsa): id_testing
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in id_testing.
Your public key has been saved in id_testing.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:6F/Pnyj3A96+qgSGrw4hQc+O2x2xrdBGA5lmznqllOY testing@gmail.com
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 4096]----+
|  . .o           |
| . o=.           |
|  .=o.+          |
|   +*o.B         |
|  o=+oB S        |
|  .+E* = .  .    |
|  ..o + . o. o   |
|     . o o.oo.o. |
|     .o . .+==*o |
+----[SHA256]-----+

Add Authorized keys to server

$ cat id_testing.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
$ ls -hal ~/.ssh
------------------------------------
-r--r--r--  1 you you  405 Jun  7 09:42 authorized_keys
-rw-------  1 you you 3.2K Jun  7 10:48 id_testing
-rw-r--r--  1 you you  743 Jun  7 10:48 id_testing.pub

------------------------------------
$ sudo service ssh restart

Install Chinese Font on Ubuntu

Install Chinese Font on Ubuntu

• Download font from here
• For example, I download mingliu.ttc



mkdir ~/.fonts
cp ~/Downloads/mingliu.ttc ~/.fonts
sudo fc-cache -fv